Paxino's Sign indicates pain in which region and helps diagnose what type of injury?

• A. Pain in the AC joint region during shoulder movement.
• B. Pain in the AC joint region, used to diagnose osteoarthritis.
• C. Pain in the AC joint region with elbow flexion.
• D. Pain in the AC joint region, used to diagnose osteoarthritis or ligament sprains.

Answer: (D)

Paxino's sign targets the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. It is positive when pain is elicited in the AC joint region as the joint is stressed during movement or palpation, pointing to pathology localized at the AC joint rather than other shoulder structures. This sign helps identify issues at the AC joint such as osteoarthritis (degenerative changes) or ligament injuries (sprains) that can cause pain in this area. The other options are less accurate because pain from the AC joint during general shoulder movement without focusing on the joint itself doesn’t pinpoint AC pathology, and elbow motion wouldn’t typically stress the AC joint. So the best description is pain in the AC joint region used to diagnose osteoarthritis or ligament sprains.